• C History and Standardization
• Importance of C
• Pre- processor and Header Files
• Programming Style
• Basic Structure of C Program

• Character Set, C Tokens
• Keywords & Identifiers
• Data types in C
• Constants
• Variable Names
• Overflow & Underflow of Data

• Arithmetic operators
• Relational Operators
• Logical operators
• Increment and decrement Operators
• Bitwise Operators
• Assignment operators
• Conditional Operators
• Special Operators
• Operator Precedence
• Operator Associativity

• Decision Making with “if statement”
• If ….else statement
• Nested if …else statement
• Else ..if ladder
• Switch statement
• Go to statement
• The ?; Operator

• The White Statement
• Do statement
• For Statement
• Jumps in LOOP

• Declaration of an Array
• Initialization of Arrays
• Types of ARRAYS
• 1D, 2 D, Multi D
• Compile Time Arrays and Run time Arrays
• Limitation of An Array
• Declaration of strings
• Initialization of Strings
• Operations Performed on Strings
• String Handling Functions
• 2- D Strings

• Understanding Basics of Pointers
• Rules for Pointers
• Pointer Declaration
• Accessing a Variable through its Pointer
• Pointers and Arrays
• Pointers and addresses
• Initialization of Pointers
• Pointer To Pointer
• Pointer Expressions
• Pointer Increments and Scale
• Factor Pointers and Arrays
• Pointers and Strings
• Arrays of Pointers in Strings
• Pointers as Function
• Arguments
• Function Returning Pointers
• Null Pointers in C

• Why Functions
• Type of Functions
• A multi- functional Program
• Return Values & their types
• Call by value and call by reference
• Arguments and Return Types
• Nesting of Functions
• Recursion

• Auto storage class
• Register storage Class
• Static Storage class
• Extern Storage class
• Structures & Unions
• Defining a Structure
• Why a structure is used?
• Structure Initialization
• Arrays With in Structures
• Arrays of Structures
• Structures within Structures
• Passing Structures to Functions
• Unions & its Properties
• Access Union Member

• Malloc
• Calloc
• Realloc
• Free

• File Handling in C
• What is a file
• File structure
• Defining and Opening a file
• Input/Output operations on files

• Object Oriented Programming Style
• Difference between Modular Approaches & OOPS
• Concepts of Object Oriented language
• Functions and Variables
• Functions : Declaration & Definition
• Variables : Definition, Declaration and scope

• History of C++
• Input -Output Operators
• Cascading of Operators
• Classes in C++
• Defining classes in C++
• Ways of Creating Objects
• Nesting of Member functions
• Arrays Within class
• Arrays of Objects
• Static Data Member
• Static Member functions
• Objects as Function arguments
• Friend functions
• Passing Objects by reference in

• Constructors and its types
• Creating & accessing an Objects’
• Multiple constructers and Initialization Lists
• Defining Constructers outside the class
• Constructers with default arguments
• Dynamic Initializing of Objects
• Using Destructors to destroy Instances

• Overview of POLY MORPHISM
• Function Overloading
• Operator Overloading
• Working with Overloaded Operator Methods
• Overloading of Unary Operator
• Overloading of Binary Operators
• Overloading of Increment and Decrement Operators

• Built in to User Defined
• User defined to Built in type
• User defined To user defined type

• Overview of Inheritance
• Defining Base and Derived Classes
• Types of Inheritance
• VISIBILITY Specifiers
• Virtual Base class
• Constructors in Derived class
• Containership

• Exceptions
• Inheritance and Exceptions
• Exception Hierarchies
• Inside an Exception Handler

• Introduction of File Streams Modes
• Opening a file
• Closing a file
• Writing to a file
• File Pointers

• Template Overview
• Customizing a Template Method
• Function Templates
• Multiple template types
• Class templates
• Templates with multiple Parameters